By Robert Bradley Jr. — May 31, 2022
“[A]cross the United States, rural communities have become a flashpoint for siting for wind and solar energy projects…. [T]he cumulative impact … could matter to efforts to reach climate goals. And the Apex experience in Vermillion County [Indiana] proves just how challenging it can be.” (E&E News, May 18, 2022)
Has the tide turned against the hideous government-enabled superstructures politely called industrial wind turbines? Robert Bryce has been following community rejections of such projects since at least 2016 and 2017. His tally today has reached 330 wind and industrial solar projects (databank list here). The number is rising, and with growing electricity issues, hard questions are being asked of intermittent, predatory renewables.
The mainstream media portrays renewables siting as an isolated issue. But the intrepid Bryce is breaking through the narrative of a inevitable ‘renewables future’ and ‘reset’ from mineral energies. Actually, the renewables’ takeover is the opposite of “green” as documented in Planet of the Humans and, a decade ago, Windfall.
The public has caught on, particularly in rural America that now has had plenty of experience with promises and results of wind and solar developers. And with wounded electricity grids, wind turbines and multi-acre solar ‘farms’ are billboards for power outages and blackouts.
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A recent article by E&E News, “Ind. experiment highlights wind siting challenge” (Jeffrey Tomich 05/18/2022) tells the story, one that the climate/renewable complex does not want to hear. Excerpts follow.
This area [in Newport, Indiana served by Duke Energy Corp.’s Cayuga Coal Generating Station] is primed to sport new symbols of homegrown energy, in the form of wind turbines. But officials in Vermillion County effectively outlawed wind energy last year, squashing overtures from renewable energy developer Apex Clean Energy Inc.
The county is hardly alone. About a third of the Hoosier State is off-limits to wind because of similar restrictions. Indeed, across the United States, rural communities have become a flashpoint for siting for wind and solar energy projects.
What makes the outcome in Vermillion County notable is that few, if any, developers have gone to the extraordinary lengths that Apex did to win the public’s trust. It offered not only unprecedented input in helping decide where to build a wind farm, but also a piece of the profits. But this new process yielded the same outcome as less ambitious ones: no project at all.
By itself, a single county’s rejection of wind energy doesn’t register. But the cumulative impact of local zoning restrictions across the nation could matter to efforts to reach climate goals. And the Apex experience in Vermillion County proves just how challenging it can be.
“The bottom line is we’ve got to build a lot of stuff in order to decarbonize,” said Sarah Mills, a lecturer at the University of Michigan who studies local permitting for renewable energy.
Wind and solar are considered “linchpins” for helping the U.S. reach net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by midcentury, according to a study from Princeton University last year on a “Net-Zero America.”
Wind energy alone would have to grow at least sixfold, with turbines built across 240,000 to 1 million square kilometers, depending on which of five decarbonization pathways is chosen. The larger area would span the states of Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Missouri and Iowa combined….
Still, finding sites suitable to develop projects represents a potential bottleneck. “In many scenarios, there’s flexibility to find alternative siting patterns that avoid such restrictions,” Jesse Jenkins, an assistant professor at Princeton and an author of the net-zero study, said in an email. “But the more such restrictions in place, and the more heavily a scenario relies on wind and solar capacity, the more challenging things become.”
A forthcoming study from clean energy nonprofit ClearPath focuses on the impact of wind energy siting restrictions in a key state — Iowa — and found a “significant impact” from locally established setbacks and moratoriums on wind development.
None of this is news to renewable developers, which must navigate zoning regulations that can differ dramatically from county to county in most states or, in Michigan, at the township level. “It is a challenge,” said Hilary Clark, director of siting at American Clean Power, the Washington-based trade association for the renewable industry….
The challenge of siting projects isn’t new to Apex, a Charlottesville, Va.-based company that has built wind farms across the U.S.
In 2019, opponents prompted a zoning change that killed Apex’s 300-megawatt Roaming Bison Wind project in Montgomery County, less than an hour’s drive east from Vermillion County….
It’s the reason why the company tried a “radical experiment” in how it engaged Vermillion County, including letting residents help decide where and how a project could fit there.
“The fundamental idea was we wanted to give the community broadly the ability to help us actually design a project — not just say yes or no to a project we designed. We hoped this would give them a greater sense of control and ownership that might lead to increased local support for the final result and, ideally, make a better project along the way,” Dahvi Wilson, the company’s vice president of public affairs, said in an interview.
“One of the premises of our idea was that the standard county process that exists for making decisions isn’t working very well,” she said. “We hoped to get to a place where we could have honest conversations about these trade-offs and potential benefits and let them figure out what they want.”
Wilson has a background in community organizing and came up with the new strategy based on scores of research on the topic, including work by the Department of Energy’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The Berkeley Lab study, based on a survey of residents living near existing wind farms, found that communities that host projects are strongly influenced by their perception of the development process….
The research identified three aspects of fairness. The first involves a community having a say in a project. The community also must see developers as transparent and have influence over the outcome….
Apex launched a campaign, Exploring Wind Vermillion, using direct mail, phone calls, surveys and social media to solicit opinions about a wind energy project in the county. The company hosted a webinar and established an office along a busy roadway, across from the local Hardee’s restaurant.
To help earn trust, the company hired a third-party facilitator. It also signed lease agreements with anyone willing to host a turbine (with the understanding that only those who did would receive payments). The company pledged to share 1 percent of the profits from a wind farm to a nonprofit or entity of residents’ choosing — in addition to the landowner lease payments and taxes paid to the county.
A company website also featured an online mapping tool that divided the county into eight zones. Residents could see maps of wind speeds, transmission access and population density. A heat map showed where the company had received the greatest interest from landowners….
But the whole outreach got little traction. Few people engaged the company or answered Apex’s surveys. Those who did pay attention were county commissioners, who pursued a zoning ordinance for wind energy projects.
The result: a 36-page ordinance that, among other restrictions, requires the base of turbines to be set back at least 2 miles from neighboring property lines and roadway rights of way.
Even a half-mile setback would make nearly the entire county off-limits for wind development. Two miles is a de facto ban.
“There’s not a single acre in the county that you could put a turbine on,” Wilson said….
How to engage rural communities on the topic of renewable energy is an area of increasing interest among researchers and advocates across the nation…. To a large extent, selling rural communities on renewable energy is retail politics…. And warning about the dire consequences of climate change isn’t part of that message….
Disinformation about wind and solar energy projects is frequently cited in zoning disputes at the local level, and that plays a role, Kopp said. But he views these unsubstantiated claims about turbine noise or adverse impacts to property values as justification to oppose a project, not necessarily the driver for opposition….
Final Comment
Disinformation? Numerous posts at MasterResource have documented the problems experienced by nearby residents from industrial wind. Tomorrow’s post examines the growing international movement to apply tort claims against wind developers in this regard.
So when will the “green” movement get that the massive infrastructure requirements of wind and solar are the problem–and dilute, intermittent renewables are the problem? To ask the same question another way, when will environmentalists get real on climate and energy to go green with the best energies, the consumer-driven, taxpayer-neutral ones?
So the community went BANANA on wind? Build absolutely nothing anywhere near anything?
Are those 1,000,000 square kilometer figures based on NAMEPLATE Generation given current generation requirements and electricity usage within the CONUS …OR…is it based on capacity factor? Wind Turbine Capacity Factor is often less than 35% so the figures could be 3 times that 1,000,000 k2 figure then, since you cannot recharge battery back-up systems from power that is already being utilized, you would need to redouble that to allow for battery recharging.
With even more capacity being needed to electrify transportation.
All in all you would likely need 1 x 3 x 2 x 2(transportation)=12,000,000 square kilometers
OOPS
The Continental U.S. has 7,600,000 square kilometers of land area
Don’t forget replacing natural gas with electricity for heating.
You are going to have to double those numbers again.
Another consideration is…
Are the numbers utilized for Best Case, average case or Worst Case Scenarios. If you are going to utilize weather dependent sources for your energy production then you need to design for Worst Possible Case
Should that be “CON US”?
Some recent news from downunder on the subject.
The recent court case in Vic (State of Victoria “wide brown land”) where landowners had a win in court over a noisy windfarm – the Judges comments were scathing about the windfarm. Quotes from the Alinta Boss Mr Dimery are a must read saying how the entire pathway to renewables has been wrongly portrayed as smooth sailing. And in recent months landowners between Ballarat & Melbourne were objecting to larger transmission line easements.
It adds up to a rockier and more difficult and expensive road for renewables.
Bald Hills Wind Farm ordered to stop emitting night-time noise, pay neighbours damages in landmark ruling 25Mar2022
https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-03-25/bald-hills-wind-farm-to-pay-damages/100938656
Alinta says court wind farm ruling will have ‘dramatic’ and chilling effect on renewable energy investment 25Mar2022
https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-03-25/chill-winds-for-renewable-sector/100940308
And not before time.
I would have thought the night issues with the blinking red lights would have figured into it, but I suppose that’s an air traffic safety issue and just comes with the territory.
Start installing in the Hamptons, Vail, Aspen, Jackson Hole, Malibu, etc., etc. and we’ll see how popular these turbines really are.
Martha’s Vineyard. Shared Green blight: progressive prices and energy availability.
“Martha’s Vineyard.”
There is plenty of room there , and plenty of generated hot air and wind. !
There’s a big house on the beach where you can have over 600 guests. Sounds like plenty of room for a big turbine!
Jeffrey, you are far too conservative.
?
Here is an ideal place for an industrial wind farm for about a dozen bird shredders
This one’s even better! Brandon will really love to see them when looking outside!
Put ’em on the roof. The building shaking might help him to sleep better at night :<)
Make sure they’re as “beautiful” as these that Hoyt Clagwell found. I double dog dare anyone to find
some that are more “gorgeous” than them!
Every April we fish for spring salmon below the John Day Dam on the Columbia River at the eastern end of The Gorge. Both sides of the river, up and downstream are pock marked by wind turbines as far as you can see. Maybe 100’s, probably 1000’s. It used to be a beautiful natural scenic view where you could daydream about what it was like when Lewis and Clark came thru or look for remnants of Bretz Floods. The windmills are a blight. Its The Gorge is ugly now.
But if you are amused by irony, you can watch several times a day the mile long westbound coal trains headed for China.
That kind of irony “angrifies” me even more! It’s almost as if you need to go on-line
to make a portfolio of favorite places before towers & panels “uglify” them. I’ve never
been to The Gorge but the photo below looks quite beautiful!
Eye sore one just the other day
What’s not to love about them
What majestic beauty
What sheer power
What magnificence
They must work better when facing different directions :<)
Challenge accepted. Look for images of “Albany Wind Farm Western Australia”. How to wreck a beautiful piece of rugged coastline.
This made me laugh 😆
His radical new strategy: Get stakeholder buy-in upfront. Duh. But nobody bought into his plan to disrupt their lives.
Curiouser and curiouser this “Net Zero” idea becomes. You can’t store the energy, you kill our flying friends, you harm the health of neighbors, and neither wind turbines nor solar farms are themselves Net Zero as a lot of carbon energy goes into their construction and maintenance. Yet forge on full speed ahead, never mind the torpedoes, and learn to like blackouts, even if it kills your grandmother? This is Science Fiction at its worst.
Net Zero = Noose
…I’ll pass thanks.
Wanna to get rich baby?
Forget about windmill farm on your land, just open ‘black gold’ mine.
https://tradingeconomics.com/commodity/coal
Industrial commodity with highest % rise in the last 12 months excluding the Lithium.
https://tradingeconomics.com/commodities
With prices like that Aussies beware !
China might be tempted to invade your country.
They already have.
Just incrementally bought their way in.
Net Zero = Dystopian Future; the equivalent for US energy production of a mid tropospheric EMP Nuclear bomb explosion on electronic devices.
Exactly, Ron. I really resent the wind plant developers and their local supporters assuming that they can claim “commons” such as view scapes, or quiet enjoyment of one’s property in the evening or at night, or even a dark sky without blinking red lights, as their own and make money destroying it. Very few of the people making money from the project or the leases actually live in the area.
I often wonder — Collective stupidity or collective insanity?
It’s as if millions of people have agreed to substitute a green energy fantasy as reality. I just don’t understand it.
They actually have no basis for making judgments and comparisons. These people are all over, and not from an uneducated class either. I actually met a laywer who had never thought about raising beef cattle as the input for packaged beef in the grocery.
Anyone that has been within a mile of wind turbines has heard the noise they generate, especially the large ones that are more popular these days. It’s not OK. Large wind farms produce a cacophony that you can’t escape.
The acoustic modeling presented to the permiting agencies is magic. There is no standard pertinent to wind turbines and the developers rely on a standard meant for noise sources producing more or less constant noise, on relatively flat gound, without strong temperature inversions. Actual siting violates any of a number of assumptions upon which the model is predicated. Doesn’t matter around here, but does where people have some familiarity with wind energy plants. I have spent better than a full day lately recording, measuring, and just observing wind turbine noises. A person can hear them in high wind background noise, and hear them in upwind downwind or crosswind directions.
Wind turbine blades produce low frequency noise LFN (20–200 Hz) part of it inaudible. There is some research in the inaudible LFN on the humans.
“Studies have widely affirmed that exposure to LFN can have adverse health effects on humans, including annoyance, stress, sleep disturbance, headache, tinnitus, irritation, exhaustion, anxiety, as well as hearing loss, impaired concentration, and in some cases chronic fatigue.
LFN from wind turbines may cause vibroacoustic disease, characterized by an increased risk of epilepsy, cardiovascular effects, and coronary artery disease.
The percentage of people suffering ill effects of LFN increases with increasing noise levels.”
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40201-020-00478-9#:~:text=Wind%20power%20is%20used%20around,3%2C4%2C5%5D.
Many of the above ailments are of subjective nature and therefore dificult to prove or disprove by direct medical diagnosis, hence could be a sufficient ground for taking land owner/operator to court and demanding removal of the nuisance. .
In rural communities where residents have chosen to live because of the ‘deep silence’, the incursion of large scale industrial turbines has ruined their lives. The sense of safety, security and pleasure of their homes has been taken away. Many people leave their home as much as possible to escape the harm from pulsations/infrasound. This is wrong.
” Residents Do Not Like Wind Turbines ”
No kidding?!
Clearly Martha’s Vineyard needs to be declared a National Energy Resource and all private rights suspended for the greater good.
Don’t believe it is possible? No need to go deep history. Look to the recent history of the Channel Islands National Park and the far lesser reasons for confiscation.
I believe that enormous tracts of rural land in NSW Australia were arbitrarily re-zoned as a new classification for a “renewable energy generation” zone.
Which basically cut the ground out from residents’ freehold land entitlements.
I love it when a plan comes together.
We sceptics have been saying for years that the green blob would collapse when it came face to face with cold, hard reality.
First we get the Texas blackouts blamed on turbines, then Biden imagining that cutting off oil and gas supplies would force people to accept BBB and NetZero, but all it did was raise costs of both.
Then we get the UK put on a (quiet) emergency footing last year when coal power stations had to be lit to meet demand. Then we get Putin hammering the message home by demonstrating to Europe that he holds all the energy cards.
Now Stuart Kirk of HSBC has come out and told the financial world they are nut’s to invest in green crap. Then we find out that people in rural areas don’t appreciate their countryside being exploited for the sake of a bunch of urban green morons. Who knew?
Monkey pox isn’t going to keep people away from polling stations in the mid terms thanks to the huge backlash emerging from the scientific community. 2000Mules has exposed the 2020 elections as fraudulent. The boffins behind it are saying there will be a devastating announcement in the next couple of months more far reaching than the evidence of ballot rigging.
There is a cascade of events, I don’t think any of us anticipated, which is crushing the life out of the green blob slowly but surely.
Here’s hoping it doesn’t let up but, to be honest, I think it’s now rolling and can’t be stopped.
Let us assume that the republicans win big in November. And then further assume that they will actually do something to help the people who elected them. Joe Biden will still be president. He can veto everything they do to undo the damage he and his party has done. The result will be nothing will get better; the best case scenario is things won’t get worse.
It is not guaranteed that the republicans will win in November. When a criminal gets by with a crime, rarely does he retire from his life of crime; usually he escalates. With the media literally worshiping the democrat party, you could have a ballot stuffer confess with verifiable evidence on national TV live and the media will still say it was an honest election.
The republicans could try a scorched earth policy and impeach and remove both Joe Biden and Kamala Harris. But if they do that, the democrats will do the exact same thing once they return to power — and they will return to power because the republicans are also ultra-corrupt. Doing that will cause nothing but problems in the future.
Face it: we are screwed for at least 2 years.
“the best case scenario is things won’t get worse.”
That’s better than nothing.
This is why as a last-gasp effort, they are now concentrating more on offshore wind projects, but they have their own set of technical, financial, and environmenal problems. It won’t stop them from trying though.
But won’t marine mammals be affected by the LFN transmitted at the surface and through the support structure?
Very likely, but we have seen how Big Wind stonewalls and/or ignores any and all environmental concerns. They get away with it because it’s “for the planet”.
Wilson has a background in community organizing
Doesn’t that mean mobilizing a neighborhood for the benefit of a single political party, and not a community in general? Oh, sure, they’ll SAY those words, but it’s generally the D party whose bosses give the orders and reap the benefits, and the non-Ds in the community are out of luck whether they object or not.
The process of siting is not truthful or transparent. For example, when I last testified in an industrial siting council hearing, I pointed out research suggesting that pronghorn themselves avoid wind turbines, and that this has the potential to reduce critical winter range for these animals. All that I asked for was that pronghorn be included in a thorough preconstruction/post construction study. The developer after all claims to be “working with” state agencies to mitigate any problems, but they are never specific as to what this means.
What happened per my suggestion is that the attorney representing the developer brought in a rancher, who has several conflicts of interest in the matter, to testify that he has seen pronghorn take shelter behind wind turbine towers in a hailstorm. It was ludicrous rebuttal, but the bias for permiting wind farms in this area is presently so strong, that it carried the day. I am labeled an “engineer” who has no idea what I am talking about. The permiting entities, right now at least, do not want to hear testimony against wind farm development. When people in this area see what these wind energy plants do to their mountain viewscapes, which will occur about 18 months from now, I hope they are happy with having ignored the issue. The same story applies to noise, sometimes to flicker, aircraft warning lighting, and so forth. I have no expertise to offer at all.
One problem, and it’s one I have mentioned before, is that there is nothing like the Daubert Rule in these administrative procedures to counter biased testimony from the wind developers and the consultants they hire. One might think that State agencies could perform this, but their jobs also depended on following the preferences of heads of agencies, and the governor even, above them.
Has anyone but carbon controllers and profiteers ever wanted these bird-murdering monstrosities? People are just fed up enough to act on it.
It took a little while, but I’ve sussed it
(and it’s sweet)
It was something i discovered after a couple of bright young things arrived my farm in Cumbria, Am gonna say 12+yrs ago
They were scouting around for places to plant windmills and my place seemed to fit the bill.
Their plans were thwarted on 2 counts in that.
#2 was the windmill killer because large windmills (more than about 25kW) were totally outlawed because they upset the seismometers at Eskdalemuir.
They were/are some pretty sensitive little flowers installed there – listening for earthquakes from all around the globe but also anything else that might go off with ‘a loud bang‘
You listening Mr Putin?
Effectively what Eskdalemuir were saying was that large windmills ‘make earthquakes’
Q: Why was/is Fracking banned here in the UK
A. Because it makes earthquakes
We’re not going into the debate about whether fracking does or does not make earthquakes because, The Science, or in this case The Politics are settled.
So why if earthquakes from fracking are banned, why are the tremors, shaking and vibrations from windmills not banned also?
(We do now understand why folks complain about ‘windmill noise’ when clever folks with sound level meters cannot hear anything.
The noise that the folks are complaining about is the windmills rattling their houses to pieces.
via earthquakes effectively)
What degree of Double Standardisation allows that?
They have done this without the approval of the people they represent. Wind and solar are drastic changes to people’s lives and yet our representatives could care less. Checking bank account might help.
I wish we could use zoning restrictions in the UK to stop these contraptions.
if you want this net zero shit to stop yesterday, power all sewage pumping stations with wind/solar.
Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Letters and Papers from Prison, Prologue After Ten Years. A Reckoning made at New Year 1943.
Of Folly
Folly is a more dangerous enemy to the good than [is] evil. One can protest against evil; it can be unmasked and, if need be, prevented by force. Evil always carries the seeds of its own destruction, as it makes people, at the least, uncomfortable. Against folly we have no defense. Neither protests nor force can touch it; reasoning is no use; facts that contradict personal prejudices can simply be disbelieved – indeed, the fool can counter by criticizing them, and if they are undeniable, they can just be pushed aside as trivial exceptions. So the fool, as distinct from the scoundrel, is completely self-satisfied; in fact, he can easily become dangerous, as it does not take much to make him aggressive. A fool must therefore be treated more cautiously than a scoundrel; we shall never again try to convince a fool by reason, for it is both useless and dangerous.
If we are to deal adequately with folly, we must try to understand its nature. This much is certain, that it is a moral rather than an intellectual defect. There are people who are mentally agile but: foolish, and people who are mentally slow but very far from foolish – a discovery that we make to our surprise as a result of particular situations. We thus get the impression that folly is likely to be, not a congenital defect, but that one that is acquired in certain circumstances where people make fools of themselves or allow others to make fools of them. We notice further that this defect is less common in the unsociable and solitary than in individuals or groups that are inclined or condemned to sociability. It seems, then, that folly is a sociological rather than a psychological problem, and that it is a special form of the operation of historical circumstances: on people, a psychological by-product of definite external factors. If we look more closely, we see that any violent display of power, wether political or religious, produces an outburst of folly in a large part of mankind; indeed, this seems actually to be a psychological and sociological law: the power of some needs the folly of others. It is not that certain human capacities, intellectual capacities for instance, become stunted or destroyed, but rather that the upsurge of power makes such an overwhelming impression that men are deprived of their independent judgement, and – more or less unconsciously – give up trying to assess the new state of affairs for themselves. The fact that the fool is often stubborn must not mislead us into thinking that he is independent. One feels in fact, when talking to him, that one is dealing, not with the man himself, but with slogans, catchwords, and the like, which have taken hold of him. He is under a spell, he is blinded, his very nature is being misused and exploited. Having thus become a passive instrument, the fool will be capable of any evil and at the same time incapable of seeing that it is evil. Here lies the danger of a diabolical exploitation that can do irreparable damage to human beings.
To put matters in some perspective it’s hard to get local backing for any kind of power plant at all in areas that have anything but cows and rocks. Nuclear, coal, gas, wind, solar, hydro.
Best spot for Coal Generation is right next to the mine. Truck exits the pit and drives 1/2 mile to a conveyor belt that goes to the coal plant storage hopper
I like that, “predatory renewables”. I’m going to use it, along with “random” rather than intermittent. Random, predatory renewables.
Good post. Most Telling from Sarah Mills, “The bottom line is we’ve got to build a lot of stuff in order to decarbonize,” said Sarah Mills, a lecturer at the University of Michigan who studies local permitting for renewable energy. (I.e., she earns her living by enabling renewable energy projects.) The left is so polarized and/or ignorant to not understand the limits of science and the implications of implementing policies to strictly limit fossil fuels. Yes, building a lot of stuff will be good for ol’ Sarah’s career and bank account.
Follow the money. If the land owner is getting/offered $10K per windmill…….
Just think of all the fossil fuels that will be required to remove, dismantle and recycle/dispose of these things.
One TW of wind turbine generation capacity requires 93,750 square miles of land assuming 60 acres per MW. Building 100 MW of capacity every day would take 27.4 years to reach 1 TW.
Our latest permitted wind plants around here are roughly 80 acres per MW, but to point out that it takes all of Wyoming covered to this degree to produce 1 TW simply does not register with people — they do not comprehend MW, TW, acre, or all of Wyoming…Nor that a TW cannot supply much more than about 8% of total US energy demand on average, and not much more than 0% when the wind doesn’t blow.
lawsuits are starting along the new england shore where big offshore wind farms are set to be built in areas protected for endangered right whales before any studies have been done on the effects of underwater noise on the highly acoustically sensitive whale population
Zero Carbon = DEATH. Just stating the obvious and the joke is on us. How can so many be so blind?
Here in rural France (Dordogne department) residents have spent the past 15 years opposing many wind farm installation projects and defeated them all. There are no wind turbines in Dordogne.
The only solution to clean energy needs is to go Nucleur, as France did and continues to install today.
The proponents of these massive “green” energy projects typically live in big cities. Why not build windfarms in these same large cities where their proponents live?
but strangely people are supposed to love proposals for fracking in the UK countryside…
Obviously the author is anti renewables. What to you propose to double electric capacity of the grid to support EVs and building electricification?