Calcineurin inhibitor-free graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis with sirolimus and mycophenolate mofetil in a second allogeneic stem cell transplantation for engraftment failure and rituximab-refractory Epstein-Barr virus-induced posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease

J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2014 Jul;36(5):e319-21. doi: 10.1097/MPH.0000000000000066.

Abstract

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) is a life-threatening complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We describe here the case of a boy with history of induction failure of a T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, who presented a life-threatening situation of nonengraftment and rituximab-refractory PTLD after the first hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We decided to use an unusual strategy of combining a nonmyeloablative conditioning (fludarabine and cyclophosphamide) with a calcineurin inhibitor-free GvHD prophylaxis (sirolimus and mycophenolate mofetil). This strategy had permitted the control of an Epstein-Barr virus PLTD in umbilical cord blood transplantation without further reactivation.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / pharmacology*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Calcineurin*
  • Child
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
  • Graft vs Host Disease / prevention & control*
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / adverse effects*
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use
  • Lymphoproliferative Disorders / etiology
  • Lymphoproliferative Disorders / therapy*
  • Male
  • Mycophenolic Acid / analogs & derivatives*
  • Mycophenolic Acid / therapeutic use
  • Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / complications*
  • Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / therapy
  • Prognosis
  • Rituximab
  • Sirolimus / therapeutic use*
  • Transplantation Conditioning
  • Transplantation, Homologous
  • Vidarabine / analogs & derivatives
  • Vidarabine / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Rituximab
  • Calcineurin
  • Vidarabine
  • Mycophenolic Acid
  • fludarabine
  • Sirolimus