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Electroceuticals pp 205–230Cite as

VNS for the Treatment of Inflammatory Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract

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Abstract

The brain and the gut communicate bi-directionally through the autonomic nervous system of which the vagus nerve is a major component. The vagus nerve has a well-documented anti-inflammatory activity through its afferents and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. More recently, an anti-inflammatory role of vagal efferents has also been discovered through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Vagus nerve stimulation, used in the treatment of drug resistant epilepsy and depression, could be an effective tool to treat inflammatory disorders of the gastro-intestinal tract, such as inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, as well as postoperative ileus which are characterized by an autonomic imbalance with a low vagal tone.

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Abbreviations

α7nAChR:

Alpha7 nicotinic Ach receptors

Ach:

Acetylcholine

ANS:

Autonomic nervous system

CAP:

Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway

CD:

Crohn’s disease

CRF:

Corticotrophin-releasing factor

DMNV:

Dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus

FDA:

Food and drug administration

HPA axis:

Hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis

HRV:

Heart rate variability

IBD:

Inflammatory bowel disease

IBS:

Irritable bowel syndrome

IL:

Interleukin

LC:

Locus coeruleus

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharides

NTS:

Nucleus tractus solitarius

PB:

Parabrachial nucleus

POI:

Postoperative ileus

PVH:

Paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus

TNF:

Tumor necrosis factor

UC:

Ulcerative colitis

VN:

Vagus nerve

VNS:

Vagus nerve stimulation

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clinique Universitaire d’Hépato-Gastroentérologie, CHU Grenoble, CS-10217, 38043, Grenoble Cedex 09, France

    Bruno Bonaz MD, PhD

  2. University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France

    Bruno Bonaz MD, PhD & Didier Clarençon PhD

  3. University Hospital, Grenoble Alpes, Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Institute of Neurosciences, Grenoble, France

    Valérie Sinniger PhD

  4. Universite Savoie Mont-Blanc, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Pschologie, Personnalite, Cognition, et Changement Social, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Chambéry, France

    Sonia Pellissier PhD

  5. Institut de Recherche Biomedicale des Armees, Paris, France

    Didier Clarençon PhD

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  1. Bruno Bonaz MD, PhD
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  2. Valérie Sinniger PhD
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  3. Sonia Pellissier PhD
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  4. Didier Clarençon PhD
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Correspondence to Bruno Bonaz MD, PhD .

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  1. Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, United Kingdom

    Arshad Majid

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Bonaz, B., Sinniger, V., Pellissier, S., Clarençon, D. (2017). VNS for the Treatment of Inflammatory Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract. In: Majid, A. (eds) Electroceuticals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28612-9_9

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