All-Purpose Biscuits

Updated Nov. 13, 2023

All-Purpose Biscuits
Christopher Testani for The New York Times. Food Stylist: Simon Andrews.
Total Time
1 hour
Prep Time
5 minutes
Cook Time
55 minutes
Rating
5(7,233)
Notes
Read community notes

Homemade biscuits are what take us into the kitchen today to cook: fat, flaky mounds of quick bread, golden brown, with a significant crumb. Composed of flour, baking powder, fat and a liquid, then baked in a hot oven, they are an excellent sop for syrup, molasses or honey. They are marvelous layered with country ham or smothered in white sausage gravy, with eggs, with grits. They make a great Thanksgiving side. And if you've never made them before, you'll be delighted to know that biscuits are easy to make. Really.

Featured in: A Quest for New York’s Perfect Biscuit

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Ingredients

Yield:6 to 8 servings
  • 2cups all-purpose flour, plus more for dusting
  • 2tablespoons baking powder
  • 1scant tablespoon sugar
  • 1teaspoon salt
  • 5tablespoons cold, unsalted butter, preferably European style
  • 1cup whole milk
Ingredient Substitution Guide
Nutritional analysis per serving (8 servings)

204 calories; 8 grams fat; 5 grams saturated fat; 2 grams monounsaturated fat; 0 grams polyunsaturated fat; 28 grams carbohydrates; 1 gram dietary fiber; 3 grams sugars; 4 grams protein; 287 milligrams sodium

Note: The information shown is Edamam’s estimate based on available ingredients and preparation. It should not be considered a substitute for a professional nutritionist’s advice.

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Preparation

  1. Step 1

    Preheat oven to 425. Sift flour, baking powder, sugar and salt into a large mixing bowl. Transfer to a food processor. Cut butter into pats and add to flour, then pulse 5 or 6 times until the mixture resembles rough crumbs. (Alternatively, cut butter into flour in the mixing bowl using a fork or a pastry cutter.) Return dough to bowl, add milk and stir with a fork until it forms a rough ball.

  2. Step 2

    Turn the dough out onto a well-floured surface and pat it down into a rough rectangle, about an inch thick. Fold it over and gently pat it down again. Repeat two more times. Cover the dough loosely with a kitchen towel and allow it to rest for 30 minutes.

  3. Step 3

    Gently pat out the dough some more, so that the rectangle is roughly 10 inches by 6 inches. Cut dough into biscuits using a floured biscuit cutter (or even a glass, though its duller edge may result in slightly less tall biscuits). Do not twist cutter when cutting; this crimps the edges of the biscuit and impedes its rise.

    Image of biscuits being cut out of the dough with a cup for making All-Purpose Biscuits
  4. Step 4

    Place biscuits on a cookie sheet and bake until golden brown, approximately 10 to 15 minutes.

Ratings

5 out of 5
7,233 user ratings
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Cooking Notes

No, please don't turn the oven on to 425 degrees as your first step. No need to waste energy while you let the biscuits rest for 30 minutes!

Freeze the butter and then grate it. Use a fork to mix up the dough. Works like a charm and no need to wash the bowl of a food processor!

I'm 78, Southern and these were the best biscuits I've ever made. Probably because I followed the recipe and used 2 tablespoons of baking powder.
Geez and from and a Yankee!

Needed only 3/4 cup milk. Mixed dough before bedtime, wrapped in plastic and refrigerated 8 hours.
Baked for breakfast. They rose to twice their original height, crunchy bottom and top, tender crumb, scrumptious. I think the dough "matured" in the fridge overnight, and so the baked product had less of the raw flour taste that I usually get with my quick breads.

Many of the notes here raise questions or concerns about the amount of baking powder. Everyone should know that baking powder formulations vary from brand to brand. Go to your supermarket and read the ingredients. The products that use aluminum salts in their formulation are likely the ones that result in an unpleasant flavor. Also see Wikipedia article on Baking Powder.

Instead of cutting in the butter, I've been using a simple technique I read about for getting the butter worked into the dough. Try melting the butter, either over low heat or low power in the microwave, then pour it into the cup of very cold milk. It will reform in smallish chunks that work into the dough very well.

Great recipe that makes for a very light and flaky biscuit, plus is very flexible.
- I did not find 2 Tbsp of baking powder excessive.
- The 30 minute resting period can be skipped if time's short, but it really improves the final texture.
- Works both as rounds and squares -- but squares rise "lopsided" since one or two of the sides won't be cut.
- Buttermilk substitutes nicely for the milk, no baking soda needed.
- Have also swapped a bit of white flour with whole wheat. Also delicious!

"European style" here in the US means imported butter that has a higher butterfat content than we ordinarily get with domestic butter. (which means more flavor). European brands I see here include Plugra, Lurpak, Presidente and Kerrygold, if that helps.

I pat that rectangle out on the cookie sheet and then, with a sharp knife, cut square biscuits. I don't saw them to cut, as Sam indicates this will impede their rising. I lay the blade on top and press down through the dough.
This way, no re-rolling scraps of dough.
And since the NYTimes health section has informed us to "stop fearing fat"......., melt some bacon grease, shortening or butter. Make sure it's not hot. Dip each biscuit in the extra fat before baking. Double yum.

I will never understand the use of a Cuisnart in making a biscuit or pie dough for that matter. However, unless you're putting out the biscuits for the Queen, one can simply gather the left-over pieces together and push them into crooked little mounds and bake. The 2nd best advice I received for biscuits was to never roll the dough out twice.

I have tried these several times and this recipe hasn't failed me yet! Key point...do not twist the biscuit cutter! I like to place my biscuits in a 8 or 9 inch round cake pan so the sides of the biscuits touch each other...it helps them rise and the sides are soft. Great recipe!

to take this recipe to a new level of perfection. Take about 4-6 ozs. of sharp cheddar cheese, cut it into 1/4 inch squares (more or less) and mix them into the flour before you add the milk. Do not use the food processor to add the milk, use a spoon or fork to mix. When the biscuits are done, the cheese will have melted throughout and you will swoon with pleasure.

Hey--what's with this "cover the dough and allow it to rest for 30 minutes??" Are you kidding? Cut those puppies and pop them right into the oven at 425 degrees F and watch them head for the sky. Why take such a simple recipe and complicate it?

Regular old American unsalted butter works just fine. So does 1% milk or whatever kind you have in the fridge. Start with 2/3 cups and work your way up, as the dough requires.

2 T of baking powder?? Ewww.... See comment below.

I saw this recipe and and five minutes later I was in the kitchen looking for the ingredients and pre-heating the oven. I think the recipe is forgiving-I used 4 Tsp aluminum free baking powder, no sugar, and just used a fork (no food processor) to cut the butter into the flour. I used 2/3 cup half & half instead of milk (what I had on hand)! I kneaded the dough, pressed it out by hand, and cut into squares with a knife. I am having them with honey and tea right now and they taste delicious!

I prefer Strawberry Shortcake made with biscuits. These are perfect with a little more sugar and a teaspoon of vanilla and 1/2 teaspoon of gr. coriander. yum!

As a basic biscuit they were perfect.

Thank you for this recipe - it looks amazing and I look forward to making it. I have two questions: 1. How can I make this recipe dairy free? 2. Can I add chives, fresh or dried herbs to this reicpe?

I think there's a typo in Total Time 1 hour, Prep Time 5 minutes, Cook Time 55 minutes, and then later says Bake 10 to 15 minutes.

Truly excellent biscuits! We love them with soy sausage and cream gravy. Rumford aluminum free baking powder is available at Walmart, Kroger and most groceries here. Aldi and Costco each have Euro-style butter (high fat) at reasonable prices. I doubted the need to rest the dough, but the slow hydration really does make a difference.

I make biscuits the way my grandmother taught me to, working the butter into the dry ingredients with my finger tips. I've made biscuits for 75 this way and it's quite efficient.

Ummm...I'm sure I'm not going to be popular, but grew up on Appalachia biscuits twice a day, every day until I left home at age 19. 425 is too hot and likely to dry out the biscuit. I use 350 and maybe bake a little longer and then broil the tops for a few minutes. To be honest, I typically use self-raising flour as it's simpler to use. Several generations where I'm from swear by Hudson Cream self-raising flour (very hard to find these days unless you order it online). But to each their own.

Does this recipe work with almond milk?

If you're a small household, make this entire batch but freeze the unbaked biscuits on a tray individually, put them in a storage bag to stay in the freezer until you need one or two. Put frozen on a baking sheet, bake, loosely covered with foil, 425* 20 mins, uncover, bake another 5 mins. Perfection!

This is the Fanny Farmer recipe with a modern mixing technique.

these look delicious, but I'd like to know what their nutritional value is

There is a link to nutritional information on the ingredients section of the recipe.

I made these to the letter and they did not rise like picture. Thought my baking powder was old but tested it and it was not. They were flavorful and folks enjoyed but not the light fluffy things implied here.

Regarding suggestions to not turn on the oven as the first step, it's worth noting that one should let the oven continue to preheat for at least a few minutes beyond the oven's indication that the dialed temperature has been met. Doing so will enable the oven walls to absorb more heat which in turn will minimize the inevitable drop in temperature when the door is opened to put the biscuits in (an issue with baking, not so much with other foods.)

I rubbed the butter into the flour with my fingers. It saved on time needed for cleaning the food processor. Then I cooled the whole basin in the fridge before finishing the recipe. More sugar and more salt is my preference. Why not add raisins? These taste like English scones.

These biscuits were terrific. They rose nicely and you cold separate the layers easily. Great recipe. I did not have whole milk so I used 2% with an extra pat of butter.

Could I substitute buttermilk for the milk?

What did I do wrong? They didn't rise at all. Baking powder is current. Two things I didn't do: didn't sift the flour, didn't flour the knife I used to cut the squares. Were those super critical steps? They were delicious, with a somewhat crunchy bottom, which we loved. But the rise? I'll try again, and appreciate any suggestions.

Send a note to NYT cooking care with your questions. They are very responsive and experienced with solving these dilemma.

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