Macroeconomics and Class Warfare

Back when Obama was proposing a spending plan to boost the economy, and some of us were pleading for a bigger plan, it was common to hear people from both the right and the crazy center declaring that it was all a ruse, an attempt to smuggle in liberal priorities under the guise of fiscal stimulus. This was, as it happens, completely false – and in the case of the right-wingers, a case of projection. After all, Obama didn’t try to sell permanent spending increases as short-run stimulus – but Bush did exactly that when pushing his tax cuts.

And what’s more, it wouldn’t have worked. If anything, your best bet is to try it the other way – to push proposals that will stimulate the economy while also building infrastructure and/or reducing inequality, and to make the long-run, class-warfare aspects the heart of your sales pitch.

This may seem odd. Shouldn’t it be easier to sell win-win ideas, which will make everyone or almost everyone better off? Well, it would be if the public “got” Keynesian economics. But even educated readers tend not to get the idea that the economy as a whole can suffer from inadequate demand (hey, lots of U. of Chicago professors don’t get it either.) And I don’t think it’s for want of efforts to get the point across.

The key sticking point is right at the beginning. Never mind monetary and fiscal policy; the very notion that the economy can suffer from too little spending turns out to be inherently difficult. When I give public talks, I get some traction (I think) by asking people what happens if everyone tries to cut his or her spending at the same time, then pointing out that my spending is your income and your spending is my income. But I don’t think it sticks for many people: the appeal of the economy-as-household metaphor usually takes over.

I’m not making this judgment entirely based on gut feelings. We do have some metrics here – imperfect metrics, but still useful. Look, for example, at book sales: Has there ever been a monster bestseller about fighting recessions, or even about growth for its own sake? I don’t think so. The blockbusters are always, one way or another, about us versus them – going head to head, competing in a flat world, or now trying to stop the rise of the one percent. In saying this I don’t mean to denigrate the last entry: Piketty’s book is awesomely good, and deserves all the acclaim it’s getting. But it is notable that in a time of deeply depressed labor markets, our biggest thing is long-run inequality.

Or closer to home, I do of course track how my columns do on the most-emailed list; and there’s no question that inequality gets a bigger response than demand-side macro.

This doesn’t mean that we should (or that I will) stop trying to get the truth about depression economics across. But it’s an interesting observation, and I think it has implications for how politicians should go about doing the right thing.