What is a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage?

A 30-year fixed mortgage is a home loan with an interest rate that stays the same over a 30-year period. For example, on a 30-year mortgage for a home valued at $300,000 with a 20% down payment and an interest rate of 3.75%, the monthly payments would be about $1,111 (not including taxes and insurance). Because the mortgage is fixed, the interest rate of 3.75% (and the monthly payment) will stay the same for the life of the loan.

How does a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage compare to an ARM?

A 30-year fixed-rate mortgage has a 30-year term with a fixed interest rate and monthly principal and interest payments that stay the same for the life of the loan. An adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM) has an interest rate that will remain the same for an initial fixed number of years, and then adjusts periodically for the remainder of the term. For example, on a 5-year ARM, the interest rate remains the same for the first five years, and then adjusts for the remaining term.

While ARM loans typically offer an initially lower rate than a 30-year mortgage, after the fixed period ends, interest rates and monthly payments may go up. Because the adjustment period is unpredictable, ARM loans are seen as a high-risk loan option while 30-year mortgages are viewed as low-risk.

When should you refinance a 30-year mortgage?

If you want to pay off a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage faster or lower your interest rate, you may consider refinancing to a shorter term loan or a new 30-year mortgage with a lower rate. The best time to refinance will vary based on your circumstances. Keep in mind that closing costs when refinancing can range from 2% to 6% of the loan’s principal amount, so you want to make sure that you qualify for a low enough interest rate to cover your closing costs. Learn more about how to refinance and compare today’s refinance rates to your current mortgage rate to see if refinancing is financially worthwhile.